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List of Schedule I controlled substances (U.S.)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is the list of Schedule I controlled substances in the United States as defined by the Controlled Substances Act.[1] The following findings are required for substances to be placed in this schedule:[2]

  1. The drug or other substance has a high potential for abuse.
  2. The drug or other substance has no currently accepted medical use in treatment in the United States.
  3. There is a lack of accepted safety for use of the drug or other substance under medical supervision.

The complete list of Schedule I substances is as follows.[1] The Administrative Controlled Substances Code Number for each substance is included.

Opioids

[edit]
ACSCN Drug
9815 Acetyl-alpha-methylfentanyl[3]
9601 Acetylmethadol[4][note 1]
9821 Acetylfentanyl[5]
9811 Acryl fentanyl[6]
9551 AH-7921[7]
9602 Allylprodine[4][note 1]
9603 Alphacetylmethadol (except levo-alphacetylmethadol also known as levo-alpha-acetylmethadol, levomethadyl acetate, or LAAM)[8]
9604 Alphameprodine[4][note 1]
9605 Alphamethadol[4][note 1]
9814 Alpha-methylfentanyl[9]
9832 Alpha-methylthiofentanyl[3]
9606 Benzethidine[4][note 1]
9607 Betacetylmethadol[4][note 1]
9830 Beta-hydroxyfentanyl[3]
9831 Beta-hydroxy-3-methylfentanyl[10]
9836 Beta-hydroxythiofentanyl[11]
9608 Betameprodine[4][note 1]
9609 Betamethadol[4][note 1]
9856 Beta-methylfentanyl[12]
9842 Beta-phenylfentanyl[12]
9611 Betaprodine[4][note 1]
9098 Brorphine[13]
9822 Butyryl Fentanyl[14]
9612 Clonitazene[4][note 1]
9844 Crotonylfentanyl[15]
9847 Cyclopentyl fentanyl[16]
9845 Cyclopropyl fentanyl[17]
9613 Dextromoramide[4][note 1]
9615 Diampromide[4][note 1]
9616 Diethylthiambutene[4][note 1]
9168 Difenoxin[18]
9617 Dimenoxadol[4][note 1]
9618 Dimepheptanol[4][note 1]
9619 Dimethylthiambutene[4][note 1]
9621 Dioxaphetyl butyrate[4][note 1]
9622 Dipipanone[4][note 1]
9623 Ethylmethylthiambutene[4][note 1]
9624 Etonitazene[4][note 1]
9625 Etoxeridine[4][note 1]
9851 Fentanyl carbamate[19]
9824 4-Fluoroisobutyryl fentanyl[19]
9855 2′-Fluoro ortho-fluorofentanyl[12]
9834 Furanyl fentanyl[6]
9626 Furethidine[4][note 1]
9627 Hydroxypethidine[4][note 1]
9827 Isobutrylfentanyl[16]
9614 Isotonitazene[20]
9628 Ketobemidone[4][note 1]
9629 Levomoramide[4][note 1]
9631 Levophenacylmorphan[4][note 1]
9825 Methoxyacetyl fentanyl[17]
9819 4′-Methyl acetyl fentanyl[12]
9813 3-Methylfentanyl
9833 3-methylthiofentanyl
9757 Metonitazene[21]
9632 Morpheridine[4][note 1]
9661 MPPP[22]
9560 MT-45[23]
9633 Noracymethadol[4][note 1]
9634 Norlevorphanol[4][note 1]
9635 Normethadone[4][note 1]
9636 Norpipanone[4][note 1]
9838 Ocfentanil[6]
9852 ortho-Fluoroacryl fentanyl[19]
9846 ortho-Fluorobutyryl fentanyl[12]
9816 ortho-Fluorofentanyl[12]
9853 ortho-Fluoroisobutyryl fentanyl[19]
9848 ortho-Methyl acetylfentanyl[12]
9820 ortho-Methyl methoxyacetyl fentanyl[12]
9826 para-Chloroisobutyryl fentanyl[24]
9823 para-Fluorobutyryl fentanyl[12]
9812 Para-fluorofentanyl[3]
9854 para-Fluoro furanyl fentanyl[19]
9837 para-Methoxybutyryl fentanyl[16]
9817 para-Methylfentanyl[12]
9663 PEPAP[22]
9637 Phenadoxone[4][note 1]
9638 Phenampromide[4][note 1]
9647 Phenomorphan[4][note 1]
9641 Phenoperidine[4][note 1]
9841 Benzoylfentanyl[12]
9642 Piritramide[4][note 1]
9643 Proheptazine[4][note 1]
9644 Properidine[4][note 1]
9649 Propiram[25]
9645 Racemoramide[4][note 1]
9843 Tetrahydrofuranyl fentanyl[6]
9835 Thiofentanyl[3]
9839 Thiofuranyl fentanyl[12]
9750 Tilidine[26]
9646 Trimeperidine[4][note 1]
9547 U-47700[14]
9840 Valerylfentanyl[16]
9873 Zipeprol[27]

Opium derivatives

[edit]
ACSCN Drug
9319 Acetorphine[4][note 1]
9051 Acetyldihydrocodeine[4][note 1]
9052 Benzylmorphine[4][note 1]
9070 Codeine methylbromide[4][note 1]
9053 Codeine-N-Oxide[4][note 1]
9054 Cyprenorphine[4][note 1]
9055 Desomorphine[4][note 1]
9145 Dihydromorphine[4][note 1]
9335 Drotebanol[28]
9056 Etorphine (except hydrochloride salt)[29]
9200 Heroin[4][note 1]
9301 Hydromorphinol[4][note 1]
9302 Methyldesorphine[4][note 1]
9304 Methyldihydromorphine[4][note 1]
9305 Morphine methylbromide[4][note 1]
9306 Morphine methylsulfonate[4][note 1]
9307 Morphine-N-Oxide[4][note 1]
9308 Myrophine[4][note 1]
9309 Nicocodeine[4][note 1]
9312 Nicomorphine[4][note 1]
9313 Normorphine[4][note 1]
9314 Pholcodine[4][note 1]
9315 Thebacon[4][note 1]

Hallucinogenic or psychedelic substances

[edit]
ACSCN Drug
7249 α-ET[30]
7391 4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxy-amphetamine[31]
7392 2C-B[32]
7396 2,5-dimethoxyamphetamine (2,5-DMA)[31]
7399 DOET[33]
7348 2C-T-7[34]
7411 4-methoxyamphetamine (PMA)[31]
7401 5-methoxy-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MMDA)[4][note 1]
7395 4-methyl-2,5-dimethoxyamphetamine (DOM; STP)[4][note 1]
7400 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA)[4][note 1]
7405 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)[35]
7404 3,4-methylenedioxy-N-ethylamphetamine (MDEA; MDE)[36]
7402 N-hydroxy-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (N-hydroxy MDA)[36]
7390 3,4,5-trimethoxyamphetamine (TMA)[4][note 1]
7431 5-MeO-DMT[37]
7432 Alpha-methyltryptamine (αMT)[38]
7433 Bufotenine[4][note 1]
7434 Diethyltryptamine (DET)[4][note 1]
7435 Dimethyltryptamine (DMT)[4][note 1]
7439 5-methoxy-N,N-diisopropyltryptamine (5-MeO-DIPT), its isomers, salts and salts of isomers[38]
7260 Ibogaine[4][note 1]
7315 Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)[4][note 1]
7360 Marihuana[4][note 1]
7381 Mescaline[4][note 1]
7374 Parahexyl[39]
7415 Peyote[4][note 1]
7482 N-ethyl-3-piperidyl benzilate[4][note 1]
7484 N-methyl-3-piperidyl benzilate[4][note 1]
7437 Psilocybin[4][note 1]
7438 Psilocin[4][note 1]
7370 Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)
7455 Ethylamine analog of phencyclidine (Eticyclidine; PCE)
7458 Pyrrolidine analog of phencyclidine (PCPy)
7470 Thiophene analog of phencyclidine (TCP)
7473 1-[1-(2-thienyl)cyclohexyl]pyrrolidine (TCPy)
1259 3-Methylmethcathinone (3-MMC)[40]
1248 4-Methylmethcathinone (Mephedrone)
7535 3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV)
7509 2-(2,5-Dimethoxy-4-ethylphenyl)ethanamine (2C-E)
7508 2-(2,5-Dimethoxy-4-methylphenyl)ethanamine (2C-D)
7519 2-(4-Chloro-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)ethanamine (2C-C)
7518 2-(4-Iodo-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)ethanamine (2C-I)
7385 2-[4-(Ethylthio)-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl]ethanamine (2C-T-2)
7532 2-[4-(Isopropylthio)-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl]ethanamine (2C-T-4)
7517 2-(2,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)ethanamine (2C-H)
7521 2-(2,5-Dimethoxy-4-nitro-phenyl)ethanamine (2C-N)
7524 2-(2,5-Dimethoxy-4-(n)-propylphenyl)ethanamine (2C-P)
7540 3,4-Methylenedioxy-N-methylcathinone (methylone)

Depressants

[edit]
ACSCN Drug
2010 gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB; sodium oxybate; sodium oxybutyrate) except formulations in an FDA-approved drug product are Schedule III
2572 Mecloqualone
2565 Methaqualone

Stimulants

[edit]
ACSCN Drug
1585 Aminorex (aminoxaphen; 2-amino-5-phenyl-2- oxazoline; or 4,5-dihydro-5-phenly-2-oxazolamine)
7493 N-benzylpiperazine (some other names: BZP; 1-benzylpiperazine), its optical isomers, salts and salts of isomers
1235 Cathinone
1503 Fenethylline
1237 Methcathinone (Some other names: 2-(methylamino)-propiophenone; alpha-(methylamino)propiophenone; 2-(methylamino)-1-phenylpropan-1-one; alpha-N-methylaminopropiophenone; monomethylpropion; ephedrone; N-methylcathinone; methylcathinone; AL-464; AL-422; AL-463 and UR1432), its salts, optical isomers and salts of optical isomers
1590 (±)-cis-4-methylaminorex
1475 N-ethylamphetamine
1480 N,N-dimethylamphetamine (also known as N,N-alpha-trimethyl-benzeneethanamine; N,N-alpha-trimethylphenethylamine)
7543 N-Ethylpentylone (ephylone, N-1-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-2-(ethylamino)-1-pentanone))[41]
7246 N-Ethylhexedrone[42] (hexen)
7544 alpha-Pyrrolidinohexanophenone (α-PHP)[42]
7551 alpha-Pyrrolidinoisohexanophenone (also known as α-PHiP; α-PiHP) [40]
7245 4-Methyl-alpha-ethylaminopentiophenone (4-MEAP)[42]
7446 4'-Methyl-alpha-pyrrolidinohexiophenone (MPHP)[42]
7548 alpha-Pyrrolidinoheptaphenone (PV8)[42]
7443 4-Chloro-alpha-pyrrolidinovalerophenone (4-chloro-α-PVP)[42]
1233 3-Fluoro-N-methylcathinone (3-FMC; 1-(3-fluorophenyl)-2-(methylamino)propan-1-one)
1238 4-Fluoro-N-methylcathinone (4-FMC, flephedrone, 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-(methylamino)propan-1-one)
1246 Pentedrone (α-methylaminovalerophenone, 2-(methylamino)-1-phenylpentan-1-one)
1249 4-Methyl-N-ethylcathinone (4-MEC, 2-(ethylamino)-1-(4-methylphenyl)propan-1-one)
1258 Naphyrone (naphthylpyrovalerone; 1-(naphthalen-2-yl)-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)pentan-1-one)
7498 4-Methyl-alphapyrrolidinopropiophenone (4-MePPP, MePPP, 4-methyl-α-pyrrolidinopropiophenone,1-(4-methylphenyl)-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-propan-1-one)
7541 Butylone (bk-MBDB, 1-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-2-(methylamino)butan-1-one)
7542 Pentylone (bk-MBDP, 1-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-2-(methylamino)pentan-1-one)
7545 alpha-pyrrolidinopentiophenone (α-PVP, α-pyrrolidinovalerophenone, 1-phenyl-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)pentan-1-one)
7546 alpha-pyrrolidinobutiophenone (α-PBP, 1-phenyl-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)butan-1-one)

Cannabimimetic agents

[edit]
ACSCN Drug
7297 5-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-2-[(1R,3S)-3-hydroxycyclohexyl]-phenol (CP-47,497)
7298 5-(1,1-dimethyloctyl)-2-[(1R,3S)-3-hydroxycyclohexyl]-phenol (cannabicyclohexanol or CP-47,497 C8-homolog)
7118 1-pentyl-3-(1-naphthoyl)indole (JWH-018 and AM678)
7173 1-butyl-3-(1-naphthoyl)indole (JWH-073)
7019 1-hexyl-3-(1-naphthoyl)indole (JWH-019)
7200 1-[2-(4-morpholinyl)ethyl]-3-(1-naphthoyl)indole (JWH-200)
6250 1-pentyl-3-(2-methoxyphenylacetyl)indole (JWH-250)
7081 1-pentyl-3-[1-(4-methoxynaphthoyl)]indole (JWH-081)
7122 1-pentyl-3-(4-methyl-1-naphthoyl)indole (JWH-122)
7398 1-pentyl-3-(4-chloro-1-naphthoyl)indole (JWH-398)
7201 1-(5-fluoropentyl)-3-(1-naphthoyl)indole (AM2201)
7694 1-(5-fluoropentyl)-3-(2-iodobenzoyl)indole (AM694)
7104 1-pentyl-3-[(4-methoxy)-benzoyl]indole (SR-19 and RCS-4)
7008 1-cyclohexylethyl-3-(2-methoxyphenylacetyl)indole 7008 (SR-18 and RCS-8)
7203 1-pentyl-3-(2-chlorophenylacetyl)indole (JWH-203)
7144 (1-pentyl-1H-indol-3-yl)(2,2,3,3-tetramethylcyclopropyl)methanone, its optical, positional, and geometric isomers, salts and salts of isomers (UR-144, 1-pentyl-3-(2,2,3,3-tetramethylcyclopropoyl)indole)
7011 [1-(5-fluoro-pentyl)-1H-indol-3-yl](2,2,3,3-tetramethylcyclopropyl)methanone, its optical, positional, and geometric isomers, salts and salts of isomers (5-fluoro-UR-144, 5-F-UR-144, XLR-11, 1-(5-fluoro-pentyl)-3-(2,2,3,3-tetramethylcyclopropoyl)indole)
7048 N-(1-adamantyl)-1-pentyl-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide, its optical, positional, and geometric isomers, salts and salts of isomers (APINACA, AKB-48)
7222 Quinolin-8-yl 1-pentyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylate (QUPIC, PB-22)[43]
7225 Quinolin-8-yl 1-(5-fluoropentyl)-1H-indole-3-carboxylate (5-fluoro-PB-22; 5F-PB-22)[43]
7012 N-(1-amino-3-methyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl)-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide (AB-FUBINACA)[43]
7035 N-(1-amino-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl)-1-pentyl-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide (ADB-PINACA)[43]
7031 N-(1-amino-3-methyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl)-1-(cyclohexylmethyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide (AB-CHMINACA)[44]
7023 N-(1-amino-3-methyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl)-1-pentyl-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide (AB-PINACA)[44]
7024 [1-(5-fluoropentyl)-1H-indazol-3-yl](naphthalen-1-yl)methanone (THJ-2201)[44]
7034 2-(1-(5-Fluoropentyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxamido)-3,3-dimethylbutanoate (5F-ADB, 5F-MDMB-PINACA)[45]
7033 Methyl 2-(1-(5-fluoropentyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxamido)-3-methylbutanoate (5F-AMB)[45]
7049 N-(Adamantan-1-yl)-1-(5-fluoropentyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide (5F-APINACA, 5F-AKB48)[45]
7010 N-(1-Amino-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl)-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide (ADB-FUBINACA)[45]
7042 Methyl 2-(1-(cyclohexylmethyl)-1H-indole-3-carboxamido)-3,3-dimethylbutanoate (MDMB-CHMICA, MMB-CHMINACA)[45]
7020 Methyl 2-(1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxamido)-3,3-dimethylbutanoate (MDMB-FUBINACA)[45]
7032 N-(1-amino-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl)-1-(cyclohexylmethyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide (MAB-CHMINACA; ADB-CHMINACA)[46]
7036 ethyl 2-(1-(5-fluoropentyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxamido)-3,3-dimethylbutanoate (5F-EDMB-PINACA)[47]
7041 methyl 2-(1-(5-fluoropentyl)-1H-indole-3-carboxamido)-3,3-dimethylbutanoate (5F-MDMB-PICA)[47]
7047 N-(adamantan-1-yl)-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide (FUB-AKB48; FUB-APINACA; AKB48 N-(4-FLUOROBENZYL))[47]
7083 1-(5-fluoropentyl)-N-(2-phenylpropan-2-yl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide (5F-CUMYL-PINACA; SGT-25)[47]
7014 (1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-1H-indol-3-yl)(2,2,3,3-tetramethylcyclopropyl) methanone (FUB-144)[47]
7021 Methyl 2-(1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-1Hindazole-3-carboxamido)-3-methylbutanoate (FUB–AMB, MMB– FUBINACA, AMB–FUBINACA)
7025 5F-AB-PINACA (N-(1-amino-3-methyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl)-1-(5-fluoropentyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide)
7044 MMB-CHMICA (AMB-CHMICA, methyl 2-(1-(cyclohexylmethyl)-1H-indole-3-carboxamido)-3-methylbutanoate)
7085 5F-CUMYL-P7AICA (1-(5-fluoropentyl)-N-(2-phenylpropan-2-yl)-1 H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine-3-carboxamide)
7089 4-CN-CUMYL-BUTINACA (1-(4-cyanobutyl)-N-(2-phenylpropan-2-yl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide, 4-cyano-CUMYL-BUTINACA, 4-CN-CUMYL BINACA, CUMYL-4CN-BINACA, SGT-78)
7221 NM-2201 (CBL2201, Naphthalen-1-yl 1-(5-fluoropentyl)-1H-indole-3-carboxylate)
7027 ADB-BUTINACA (N-[(2S)-1-amino-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl]-1-butyl-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide)[40]

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by This substance was expressly scheduled by the Controlled Substances Act on October 27, 1970. The 1974 Federal Register ruling (by Administrator John R. Bartels, Jr.) merely organized its listing in the Code of Federal Regulations.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b 21 CFR 1308.11 Archived 2009-08-27 at the Wayback Machine (CSA Sched I) with changes through 77 FR 64032 (Oct 18, 2012). Retrieved September 6, 2013.
  2. ^ 21 U.S.C. § 812(b)(1) United States Code via Cornell University's Legal Information Institute. Retrieved on 2007-10-02.
  3. ^ a b c d e Lawn, John (May 29, 1987). "Schedules of Controlled Substances: Placement of Alpha-Acetyl-Methylfentanyl, Alpha-methylthiofentanyl, Beta-hydroxyfentanyl, 3-Methylthiofentanyl, Para-fluorofentanyl, and Thiofentanyl into Schedule I" (PDF). Isomer Design. Drug Enforcement Administration. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 28, 2019. Retrieved September 6, 2023.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by Bartels Jr., John R. (June 20, 1974). "PART 1308— SCHEDULES OF CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES: Annual Publication" (PDF). Government Publishing Office. Drug Enforcement Administration. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 6, 2023. Retrieved September 6, 2023.
  5. ^ Rosenberg, Chuck (June 7, 2017). "Schedules of Controlled Substances: Placement of Acetyl Fentanyl Into Schedule I". Federal Register. Drug Enforcement Administration. Retrieved September 9, 2023.
  6. ^ a b c d Dhillon, Uttam (November 29, 2018). "Schedules of Controlled Substances: Placement of Furanyl Fentanyl, 4-Fluoroisobutyryl Fentanyl, Acryl Fentanyl, Tetrahydrofuranyl Fentanyl, and Ocfentanil in Schedule I". Federal Register. Drug Enforcement Administration. Retrieved September 9, 2023.
  7. ^ Rosenberg, Chuck (May 16, 2016). "Schedules of Controlled Substances: Placement of AH-7921 Into Schedule I". Federal Register. Drug Enforcement Administration. Retrieved September 6, 2023.
  8. ^ Bonner, Robert (August 18, 1993). "Schedules of Controlled Substances: Transfer of Levo-alpha-acetylmethadol from Schedule I to Schedule II" (PDF). Federal Register. Drug Enforcement Administration. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 28, 2019. Retrieved September 6, 2023.
  9. ^ Mullen, Jr., Francis M. (September 22, 1981). "Schedules of Controlled Substances: Placement of Alpha-methylfentanyl in Schedule I" (PDF). Isomer Design. Drug Enforcement Administration. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 28, 2019. Retrieved September 6, 2023.
  10. ^ Lawn, John (January 8, 1988). "Schedules of Controlled Substances: Placement of Beta-Hydroxy-3-Methylfentanyl in Schedule I" (PDF). Isomer Design. Drug Enforcement Administration. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 28, 2019. Retrieved September 6, 2023.
  11. ^ Dhillon, Uttam (May 8, 2019). "Schedules of Controlled Substances: Placement of beta-Hydroxythiofentanyl in Schedule I". Federal Register. Drug Enforcement Administration. Retrieved September 9, 2023.
  12. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Evans, D. Christopher (April 27, 2021). "Schedules of Controlled Substances: Placement of 10 Specific Fentanyl-Related Substances in Schedule I". Federal Register. Drug Enforcement Administration. Retrieved September 6, 2023.
  13. ^ Milgram, Anne (April 5, 2023). "Schedules of Controlled Substances: Placement of Brorphine in Schedule I". Federal Register. Drug Enforcement Administration. Retrieved September 6, 2023.
  14. ^ a b Patterson, Robert (April 20, 2018). "Schedules of Controlled Substances: Placement of Butyryl Fentanyl and U-47700 Into Schedule I". Federal Register. Drug Enforcement Administration. Retrieved September 9, 2023.
  15. ^ Shea, TImothy (October 2, 2020). "Schedules of Controlled Substances: Placement of Crotonyl Fentanyl in Schedule I". Federal Register. Drug Enforcement Administration. Retrieved September 9, 2023.
  16. ^ a b c d Evans, D. Christopher (March 31, 2021). "Schedules of Controlled Substances: Placement of cyclopentyl fentanyl, isobutyryl fentanyl, para-chloroisobutyryl fentanyl, para-methoxybutyryl fentanyl, and valeryl fentanyl in Schedule I; Correction". Federal Register. Drug Enforcement Administration. Retrieved September 9, 2023.
  17. ^ a b Dhillon, Uttam (October 25, 2019). "Schedules of Controlled Substances: Placement of Cyclopropyl Fentanyl, Methoxyacetyl fentanyl, ortho-Fluorofentanyl, and para-Fluorobutyryl Fentanyl in Schedule I". Federal Register. Drug Enforcement Administration. Retrieved September 9, 2023.
  18. ^ Jenson, Jerry (May 7, 1975). "Schedules of Controlled Substances: Placement of Difenoxin in Schedule I" (PDF). Isomer Design. Drug Enforcement Administration. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 28, 2019. Retrieved September 6, 2023.
  19. ^ a b c d e Evans, D. Christopher (May 4, 2021). "Schedules of Controlled Substances: Placement of Four Specific Fentanyl-Related Substances in Schedule I". Federal Register. Drug Enforcement Administration. Retrieved September 9, 2023.
  20. ^ Milgram, Anne (November 4, 2021). "Schedules of Controlled Substances: Placement of Isotonitazene in Schedule I". Federal Register. Drug Enforcement Administration. Retrieved September 9, 2023.
  21. ^ Milgram, Anne (August 18, 2023). "Schedules of Controlled Substances: Placement of Metonitazene in Schedule I". Federal Register. Drug Enforcement Administration. Retrieved November 3, 2023.
  22. ^ a b Lawn, John (January 23, 1987). "Placement of MPPP and PEPAP in Schedule I" (PDF). Isomer Design. Drug Enforcement Administration. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 18, 2019. Retrieved September 9, 2023.
  23. ^ Patterson, Robert (December 13, 2017). "Schedules of Controlled Substances: Placement of MT-45 Into Schedule I". Federal Register. Drug Enforcement Administration. Retrieved September 9, 2023.
  24. ^ Evans, D. Christopher (March 31, 2021). "Schedules of Controlled Substances: Placement of cyclopentyl fentanyl, isobutyryl fentanyl, para-chloroisobutyryl fentanyl, para-methoxybutyryl fentanyl, and valeryl fentanyl in Schedule I; Correction". Federal Register. Drug Enforcement Administration. Retrieved September 29, 2023.
  25. ^ Ingersoll, John (January 25, 1972). "Control of Propiram" (PDF). Isomer Design. Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 18, 2019. Retrieved September 30, 2023.
  26. ^ Bensinger, Peter (September 19, 1980). "Placement of Sufentanil and Tilidine in Schedule I" (PDF). Isomer Design. Drug Enforcement Administration. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 28, 2019. Retrieved September 30, 2023.
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